State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, April 19, 2024	                          USDL-24-0701

Technical information: 
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov    *  www.bls.gov/sae   
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- MARCH 2024


Unemployment rates were lower in March in 6 states, higher in 1 state, and stable in 43 states
and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Twenty-nine
states had jobless rate increases from a year earlier, 1 state had a decrease, and 20 states
and the District had little change. The national unemployment rate changed little at 3.8
percent but was 0.3 percentage point higher than in March 2023.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 5 states and was essentially unchanged in 45 states
and the District of Columbia in March 2024. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment
increased in 31 states and was essentially unchanged in 19 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and
unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to
individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on 
payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the
concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

North Dakota had the lowest jobless rate in March, 2.0 percent, closely followed by South
Dakota, 2.1 percent, and Vermont, 2.2 percent. The rate in Mississippi, 3.0 percent, set a new
series low. (All state series begin in 1976.) California had the highest unemployment rate,
5.3 percent, closely followed by the District of Columbia, 5.2 percent. In total, 23 states
had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.8 percent, 5 states and the District
had higher rates, and 22 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the
nation. (See tables A and 1.)

In March, six states had over-the-month unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which was
in Arizona (-0.3 percentage point). Florida had the only rate increase (+0.1 percentage point).
Forty-three states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably 
different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large
numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)

Twenty-nine states had unemployment rate increases from March 2023, the largest of which was
in Rhode Island (+1.3 percentage points). Massachusetts had the only over-the-year rate 
decrease (-0.6 percentage point). Twenty states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates
that were not notably different from those of a year earlier. (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 5 states and was essentially unchanged in 45 states
and the District of Columbia in March 2024. Job gains occurred in Virginia (+16,500, or +0.4
percent), Georgia (+16,200, or +0.3 percent), Kentucky (+9,400, or +0.5 percent), Arkansas
(+6,500, or +0.5 percent), and Kansas (+6,400, or +0.4 percent). (See tables D and 3.)
 
Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 31 states and was essentially unchanged
in 19 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+270,700),
California (+217,700), and Florida (+211,100). The largest percentage increases occurred in
Idaho (+3.7 percent), Nevada (+3.4 percent), and Alaska (+3.2 percent). (See table E.)

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for March is scheduled to be
released on Wednesday, May 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and Unemployment
news release for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., March 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           3.8
                                     |
Alabama .............................|           3.0
California ..........................|           5.3
District of Columbia ................|           5.2
Florida .............................|           3.2
Georgia .............................|           3.1
Hawaii ..............................|           3.1
Illinois ............................|           4.8
Iowa ................................|           2.9
Kansas ..............................|           2.7
Maryland ............................|           2.5
                                     |
Massachusetts .......................|           2.9
Minnesota ...........................|           2.7
Mississippi .........................|           3.0
Montana .............................|           3.3
Nebraska ............................|           2.5
Nevada ..............................|           5.1
New Hampshire .......................|           2.6
New Jersey ..........................|           4.8
North Dakota ........................|           2.0
Pennsylvania ........................|           3.4
                                     |
South Carolina ......................|           3.1
South Dakota ........................|           2.1
Tennessee ...........................|           3.2
Utah ................................|           2.8
Vermont .............................|           2.2
Virginia ............................|           2.9
Washington ..........................|           4.8
Wisconsin ...........................|           3.0
Wyoming .............................|           2.8
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.


Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from February 2024 to March 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              | February  |   March   |    change(p)
                                |   2024    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arizona ........................|     4.1   |     3.8   |      -0.3
Florida ........................|     3.1   |     3.2   |        .1
Maine ..........................|     3.4   |     3.3   |       -.1
Montana ........................|     3.4   |     3.3   |       -.1
New York .......................|     4.4   |     4.3   |       -.1
Vermont ........................|     2.3   |     2.2   |       -.1
Virginia .......................|     3.0   |     2.9   |       -.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from March 2023 to March 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              |   March   |   March   |    change(p)
                                |   2023    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ........................|     2.3   |     3.0   |       0.7
Alaska .........................|     3.8   |     4.6   |        .8
Arkansas .......................|     2.8   |     3.5   |        .7
California .....................|     4.5   |     5.3   |        .8
Colorado .......................|     3.0   |     3.7   |        .7
Connecticut ....................|     3.4   |     4.5   |       1.1
Florida ........................|     2.8   |     3.2   |        .4
Idaho ..........................|     2.9   |     3.3   |        .4
Illinois .......................|     4.2   |     4.8   |        .6
Indiana ........................|     3.2   |     3.5   |        .3
                                |           |           |
Kentucky .......................|     4.0   |     4.5   |        .5
Louisiana ......................|     3.5   |     4.4   |        .9
Maine ..........................|     2.4   |     3.3   |        .9
Maryland .......................|     2.0   |     2.5   |        .5
Massachusetts ..................|     3.5   |     2.9   |       -.6
Missouri .......................|     2.8   |     3.3   |        .5
Montana ........................|     2.5   |     3.3   |        .8
Nebraska .......................|     2.0   |     2.5   |        .5
New Hampshire ..................|     1.8   |     2.6   |        .8
New Jersey .....................|     4.0   |     4.8   |        .8
                                |           |           |
New York .......................|     4.0   |     4.3   |        .3
Ohio ...........................|     3.5   |     3.8   |        .3
Oklahoma .......................|     3.0   |     3.5   |        .5
Oregon .........................|     3.5   |     4.2   |        .7
Rhode Island ...................|     2.7   |     4.0   |       1.3
Utah ...........................|     2.5   |     2.8   |        .3
Vermont ........................|     1.8   |     2.2   |        .4
Washington .....................|     3.9   |     4.8   |        .9
West Virginia ..................|     3.5   |     4.3   |        .8
Wisconsin ......................|     2.6   |     3.0   |        .4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
February 2024 to March 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-month change(p)
            State             |   February  |    March    |---------------------------
                              |     2024    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arkansas .....................|   1,360,700 |   1,367,200 |       6,500 |      0.5
Georgia ......................|   4,933,300 |   4,949,500 |      16,200 |       .3
Kansas .......................|   1,455,100 |   1,461,500 |       6,400 |       .4
Kentucky .....................|   2,027,500 |   2,036,900 |       9,400 |       .5
Virginia .....................|   4,211,800 |   4,228,300 |      16,500 |       .4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from
March 2023 to March 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             |  Over-the-year change(p)
            State             |    March    |     March   |---------------------------
                              |     2023    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,155,100 |   2,191,100 |      36,000 |      1.7
Alaska .......................|     325,200 |     335,500 |      10,300 |      3.2
Arizona ......................|   3,179,800 |   3,250,100 |      70,300 |      2.2
Arkansas .....................|   1,348,700 |   1,367,200 |      18,500 |      1.4
California ...................|  17,778,500 |  17,996,200 |     217,700 |      1.2
Colorado .....................|   2,922,100 |   2,983,300 |      61,200 |      2.1
Florida ......................|   9,688,000 |   9,899,100 |     211,100 |      2.2
Georgia ......................|   4,894,100 |   4,949,500 |      55,400 |      1.1
Idaho ........................|     835,500 |     866,300 |      30,800 |      3.7
Indiana ......................|   3,232,200 |   3,276,800 |      44,600 |      1.4
                              |             |             |             |       
Iowa .........................|   1,586,800 |   1,612,500 |      25,700 |      1.6
Kansas .......................|   1,439,700 |   1,461,500 |      21,800 |      1.5
Kentucky .....................|   2,011,900 |   2,036,900 |      25,000 |      1.2
Minnesota ....................|   2,976,600 |   3,022,100 |      45,500 |      1.5
Missouri .....................|   2,967,800 |   3,022,000 |      54,200 |      1.8
Montana ......................|     517,400 |     528,000 |      10,600 |      2.0
Nebraska .....................|   1,043,400 |   1,062,900 |      19,500 |      1.9
Nevada .......................|   1,524,800 |   1,576,000 |      51,200 |      3.4
New Jersey ...................|   4,302,400 |   4,386,600 |      84,200 |      2.0
New Mexico ...................|     869,500 |     885,200 |      15,700 |      1.8
                              |             |             |             |       
New York .....................|   9,680,700 |   9,825,100 |     144,400 |      1.5
North Carolina ...............|   4,920,700 |   4,978,000 |      57,300 |      1.2
Oklahoma .....................|   1,750,800 |   1,779,100 |      28,300 |      1.6
Pennsylvania .................|   6,070,700 |   6,148,900 |      78,200 |      1.3
South Carolina ...............|   2,293,200 |   2,358,400 |      65,200 |      2.8
South Dakota .................|     459,400 |     470,400 |      11,000 |      2.4
Texas ........................|  13,845,000 |  14,115,700 |     270,700 |      2.0
Utah .........................|   1,709,800 |   1,746,400 |      36,600 |      2.1
Virginia .....................|   4,154,400 |   4,228,300 |      73,900 |      1.8
Washington ...................|   3,582,900 |   3,637,400 |      54,500 |      1.5
West Virginia ................|     707,900 |     719,600 |      11,700 |      1.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note

   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate
   areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2).  Also presented are
   nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment
   Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions
   as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
   sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
   Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place of-residence basis. The
   universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people
   are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the  
   12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working
   who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as bad weather,
   labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
   
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above),
   had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently
   available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed.
   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is the number of
   unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale
   metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using 
   time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes
   data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs.
   Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-
   Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are 
   derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five
   additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn
   metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach Kendall, and Seattle-
   Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar
   model-based approach.
   
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and 
   controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division
   totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their
   respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called
   real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the
   CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after
   the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau,
   any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the most
   recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time series models in 2021, historical data were
   re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend,
   seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are 
   adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a 
   Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and
   unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is calculated
   as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment
   rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are 
   created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For annual
   revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued
   by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A detailed list of the geographic definitions
   is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to people on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the
   pay period that includes the 12th of the month. People are counted at their place of work rather than at their
   place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are 
   classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American
   Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures.
   Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a ratio
   of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a
   sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are then
   obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link relative
   technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some
   employment series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates (described above)
   combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks,
   derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment
   insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new 
   benchmark and the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus,
   the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-
   month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is available
   online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector 
   level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the
   independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total
   is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a year,
   coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
   
   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates, including those
   for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are created
   every month for the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous month’s final estimate. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each
   individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are not forced to
   sum to national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative sampling and nonsampling errors than
   the national series. Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors and can cause significant
   distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states"
   employment series and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error
   structure.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and,
   thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--
   that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. 
   Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data 
   collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to 
   additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used.

   Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in
   the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant at the 90-
   percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally are cited 
   only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent
   confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month
   and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard
   error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll employment data at the total
   nonfarm and supersector levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling
   error are not available.

Additional information

   Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll
   employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in the
   news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force, employed
   people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas are available
   online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are
   available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability,
   please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
Alabama	2,291,783	2,327,663	2,327,989	2,331,680	52,332	66,558	69,057	70,894	2.3	2.9	3.0	3.0
Alaska	355,245	358,280	357,911	357,833	13,663	16,406	16,604	16,495	3.8	4.6	4.6	4.6
Arizona	3,660,545	3,726,522	3,732,662	3,735,527	132,637	155,052	151,710	143,513	3.6	4.2	4.1	3.8
Arkansas	1,371,006	1,385,367	1,385,079	1,385,598	38,985	50,811	49,489	48,261	2.8	3.7	3.6	3.5
California	19,279,548	19,355,816	19,350,032	19,345,876	861,903	1,013,856	1,028,384	1,032,379	4.5	5.2	5.3	5.3
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,025,472	5,006,084	4,997,338	4,995,946	244,241	269,677	267,956	268,146	4.9	5.4	5.4	5.4
Colorado	3,220,615	3,237,237	3,235,542	3,235,281	96,923	110,213	114,485	118,218	3.0	3.4	3.5	3.7
Connecticut	1,887,080	1,902,407	1,906,379	1,910,476	64,227	82,924	86,078	85,448	3.4	4.4	4.5	4.5
Delaware	503,108	508,774	508,227	507,017	19,527	20,659	20,295	19,967	3.9	4.1	4.0	3.9
District of Columbia	394,411	403,524	404,642	406,754	19,576	20,312	20,787	21,036	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.2
Florida	10,911,962	11,076,728	11,089,543	11,097,326	300,631	340,168	345,170	353,209	2.8	3.1	3.1	3.2
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,372,625	1,389,227	1,391,529	1,393,682	27,141	21,594	22,305	23,291	2.0	1.6	1.6	1.7
Georgia	5,279,998	5,330,035	5,335,097	5,343,463	168,282	166,760	163,540	163,483	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.1
Hawaii	676,925	674,769	674,589	673,150	19,904	20,868	21,092	21,009	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.1
Idaho	955,212	967,890	969,459	971,488	27,259	32,264	32,376	32,313	2.9	3.3	3.3	3.3
Illinois	6,410,433	6,477,200	6,477,355	6,487,068	270,360	305,486	308,856	312,170	4.2	4.7	4.8	4.8
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,799,395	3,826,088	3,827,961	3,839,419	151,663	171,511	175,195	178,936	4.0	4.5	4.6	4.7
Indiana	3,395,573	3,398,130	3,389,402	3,380,807	108,117	117,341	117,991	119,083	3.2	3.5	3.5	3.5
Iowa	1,713,494	1,704,754	1,700,901	1,696,909	47,914	51,077	50,182	48,724	2.8	3.0	3.0	2.9
Kansas	1,513,990	1,506,694	1,505,660	1,505,421	41,590	39,069	39,941	40,794	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.7
Kentucky	2,027,214	2,024,029	2,024,570	2,027,717	81,375	87,154	88,586	90,588	4.0	4.3	4.4	4.5
Louisiana	2,080,885	2,079,344	2,079,264	2,080,469	73,581	85,123	88,017	90,838	3.5	4.1	4.2	4.4
Maine	682,583	692,051	692,751	693,170	16,295	23,742	23,680	22,678	2.4	3.4	3.4	3.3
Maryland	3,171,755	3,192,770	3,191,144	3,193,388	64,813	72,831	76,212	80,175	2.0	2.3	2.4	2.5
Massachusetts	3,751,722	3,750,172	3,748,656	3,757,027	130,049	114,168	110,171	107,179	3.5	3.0	2.9	2.9
Michigan	4,965,978	5,043,565	5,042,466	5,046,732	184,080	201,951	198,437	194,509	3.7	4.0	3.9	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,158,168	2,204,866	2,203,549	2,203,979	70,136	85,882	84,663	83,104	3.2	3.9	3.8	3.8
Minnesota	3,100,007	3,093,573	3,094,718	3,097,736	87,436	82,861	84,216	84,205	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.7
Mississippi	1,232,385	1,230,093	1,229,510	1,229,482	39,128	39,128	37,945	37,017	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.0
Missouri	3,074,498	3,098,994	3,100,588	3,103,945	87,371	101,578	102,963	103,681	2.8	3.3	3.3	3.3
Montana	571,408	577,303	577,672	577,524	14,392	19,312	19,406	18,778	2.5	3.3	3.4	3.3
Nebraska	1,053,098	1,055,595	1,054,937	1,054,605	21,341	26,336	26,546	26,293	2.0	2.5	2.5	2.5
Nevada	1,592,960	1,614,220	1,614,414	1,614,300	80,675	84,821	83,801	82,776	5.1	5.3	5.2	5.1
New Hampshire	757,646	763,112	763,611	765,353	13,693	19,663	19,872	19,913	1.8	2.6	2.6	2.6
New Jersey	4,824,433	4,824,539	4,819,665	4,819,894	195,279	232,347	231,168	229,120	4.0	4.8	4.8	4.8
New Mexico	962,110	968,914	968,853	968,625	34,295	38,562	38,157	37,145	3.6	4.0	3.9	3.8
New York	9,678,350	9,751,860	9,747,690	9,738,941	383,900	438,983	429,624	418,197	4.0	4.5	4.4	4.3
New York City	4,151,907	4,161,783	4,165,463	4,171,114	216,074	216,229	210,881	204,569	5.2	5.2	5.1	4.9
North Carolina	5,209,372	5,254,063	5,255,806	5,260,184	174,060	185,737	184,451	185,549	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.5
North Dakota	417,031	417,419	417,565	417,816	8,013	8,027	8,159	8,235	1.9	1.9	2.0	2.0
Ohio	5,778,619	5,794,910	5,796,567	5,801,227	203,411	211,818	214,132	220,170	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.8
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,030,239	1,037,629	1,033,761	1,029,287	37,957	39,083	38,812	38,987	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.8
Oklahoma	1,945,885	1,983,646	1,987,854	1,989,908	57,428	70,141	71,065	70,036	3.0	3.5	3.6	3.5
Oregon	2,156,235	2,171,088	2,176,172	2,180,708	75,305	88,370	90,920	92,016	3.5	4.1	4.2	4.2
Pennsylvania	6,506,696	6,544,313	6,559,343	6,578,881	230,971	220,568	221,009	222,969	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.4
Rhode Island	571,919	578,532	580,629	583,497	15,674	20,926	22,717	23,629	2.7	3.6	3.9	4.0
South Carolina	2,435,938	2,471,839	2,472,619	2,477,584	72,030	75,325	76,424	77,961	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.1
South Dakota	478,534	481,606	481,482	481,465	9,146	9,899	10,037	9,927	1.9	2.1	2.1	2.1
Tennessee	3,372,875	3,386,432	3,389,546	3,398,405	109,160	117,040	112,492	109,265	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.2
Texas	14,995,720	15,143,441	15,169,126	15,189,869	600,923	584,580	590,396	599,075	4.0	3.9	3.9	3.9
Utah	1,776,875	1,802,361	1,802,402	1,801,843	44,175	50,263	51,068	50,599	2.5	2.8	2.8	2.8
Vermont	348,828	354,201	354,931	355,726	6,229	8,093	8,078	7,769	1.8	2.3	2.3	2.2
Virginia	4,543,184	4,588,384	4,591,517	4,588,603	129,625	139,777	139,745	134,073	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9
Washington	4,014,603	4,032,992	4,027,298	4,019,937	156,016	183,684	190,070	193,580	3.9	4.6	4.7	4.8
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,798,866	1,811,718	1,809,015	1,804,165	57,967	68,611	71,629	73,417	3.2	3.8	4.0	4.1
West Virginia	780,833	790,871	790,451	790,478	27,025	34,031	34,074	34,288	3.5	4.3	4.3	4.3
Wisconsin	3,116,194	3,148,178	3,143,466	3,140,048	82,035	100,375	95,584	92,985	2.6	3.2	3.0	3.0
Wyoming	295,555	293,897	293,402	292,994	8,766	8,373	8,357	8,294	3.0	2.8	2.8	2.8
Puerto Rico	1,188,514	1,216,212	1,216,656	1,215,040	71,679	69,052	69,918	70,464	6.0	5.7	5.7	5.8
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	February		March		Number				Percent of labor force
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	February		March		February		March
					2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,283,059	2,316,439	2,292,002	2,343,059	58,199	78,981	50,449	70,886	2.5	3.4	2.2	3.0
Alaska	352,213	354,142	353,002	355,275	16,450	19,592	15,326	17,160	4.7	5.5	4.3	4.8
Arizona	3,650,815	3,746,403	3,675,765	3,745,451	130,536	135,488	129,354	107,219	3.6	3.6	3.5	2.9
Arkansas	1,364,095	1,378,883	1,375,493	1,391,169	44,653	48,447	40,029	45,642	3.3	3.5	2.9	3.3
California	19,354,958	19,400,989	19,386,551	19,409,333	925,636	1,085,527	904,111	1,036,703	4.8	5.6	4.7	5.3
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,065,888	5,011,960	5,055,852	5,029,812	257,358	251,129	242,016	262,523	5.1	5.0	4.8	5.2
Colorado	3,216,732	3,227,072	3,210,258	3,226,233	108,417	134,013	94,125	124,020	3.4	4.2	2.9	3.8
Connecticut	1,871,467	1,902,082	1,878,263	1,914,314	77,128	101,935	69,270	79,986	4.1	5.4	3.7	4.2
Delaware	501,342	506,437	505,827	505,678	21,499	20,317	20,548	20,134	4.3	4.0	4.1	4.0
District of Columbia	394,275	407,070	394,589	413,736	19,845	21,725	19,500	20,779	5.0	5.3	4.9	5.0
Florida	10,856,781	11,078,830	10,919,745	11,088,234	293,635	348,034	289,053	364,069	2.7	3.1	2.6	3.3
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,377,876	1,402,564	1,378,010	1,393,813	24,574	22,802	27,289	28,275	1.8	1.6	2.0	2.0
Georgia	5,289,125	5,368,054	5,312,395	5,402,933	178,114	164,238	172,520	172,557	3.4	3.1	3.2	3.2
Hawaii	677,364	676,057	680,209	669,984	19,922	20,398	18,920	18,830	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.8
Idaho	951,871	973,206	955,389	977,511	33,785	39,158	32,808	36,875	3.5	4.0	3.4	3.8
Illinois	6,383,366	6,436,746	6,403,723	6,509,891	297,097	340,784	278,547	322,967	4.7	5.3	4.3	5.0
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,800,278	3,821,793	3,798,651	3,875,566	162,065	194,408	148,870	182,305	4.3	5.1	3.9	4.7
Indiana	3,379,540	3,351,647	3,401,279	3,366,199	128,011	139,898	123,300	137,491	3.8	4.2	3.6	4.1
Iowa	1,717,095	1,691,441	1,716,320	1,687,305	56,285	56,168	53,645	49,382	3.3	3.3	3.1	2.9
Kansas	1,512,850	1,504,670	1,513,219	1,506,564	46,955	48,102	43,167	45,394	3.1	3.2	2.9	3.0
Kentucky	2,024,912	2,023,709	2,031,350	2,046,924	95,533	104,088	86,391	103,501	4.7	5.1	4.3	5.1
Louisiana	2,065,795	2,061,142	2,081,335	2,085,984	72,144	90,725	68,179	93,195	3.5	4.4	3.3	4.5
Maine	675,368	687,773	676,770	688,269	21,635	26,605	20,538	21,999	3.2	3.9	3.0	3.2
Maryland	3,156,933	3,175,706	3,180,143	3,218,845	79,592	92,141	66,613	93,377	2.5	2.9	2.1	2.9
Massachusetts	3,747,534	3,752,400	3,749,321	3,816,195	151,941	137,903	138,018	134,871	4.1	3.7	3.7	3.5
Michigan	4,915,208	5,001,524	4,948,991	5,056,057	214,923	211,865	197,727	199,554	4.4	4.2	4.0	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,130,362	2,176,112	2,152,753	2,201,186	78,325	86,867	69,516	79,757	3.7	4.0	3.2	3.6
Minnesota	3,086,692	3,095,534	3,095,726	3,103,046	106,305	111,981	101,925	97,933	3.4	3.6	3.3	3.2
Mississippi	1,230,744	1,225,922	1,233,926	1,228,978	40,563	33,752	38,085	31,872	3.3	2.8	3.1	2.6
Missouri	3,053,467	3,096,700	3,072,386	3,115,026	99,331	122,673	98,099	116,104	3.3	4.0	3.2	3.7
Montana	568,135	575,752	571,890	576,636	17,961	22,183	17,837	18,756	3.2	3.9	3.1	3.3
Nebraska	1,048,878	1,050,363	1,053,494	1,055,263	24,610	30,525	23,434	27,209	2.3	2.9	2.2	2.6
Nevada	1,596,803	1,617,573	1,596,771	1,615,353	84,205	81,330	80,755	79,781	5.3	5.0	5.1	4.9
New Hampshire	757,589	762,796	755,557	770,742	17,050	22,382	15,546	21,719	2.3	2.9	2.1	2.8
New Jersey	4,820,462	4,807,251	4,835,499	4,843,053	217,393	244,178	204,661	230,940	4.5	5.1	4.2	4.8
New Mexico	959,722	966,683	958,119	962,866	36,062	36,270	31,738	30,857	3.8	3.8	3.3	3.2
New York	9,652,627	9,712,110	9,693,725	9,717,727	441,555	438,041	401,894	408,783	4.6	4.5	4.1	4.2
New York City	4,171,938	4,191,426	4,179,229	4,208,156	232,557	202,456	215,468	188,755	5.6	4.8	5.2	4.5
North Carolina	5,191,260	5,243,488	5,228,240	5,290,158	193,681	194,170	180,733	195,758	3.7	3.7	3.5	3.7
North Dakota	413,037	413,942	415,072	416,559	10,420	10,845	10,284	10,817	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.6
Ohio	5,746,298	5,768,312	5,770,391	5,806,658	243,641	253,331	224,358	258,716	4.2	4.4	3.9	4.5
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,023,033	1,003,713	1,025,870	1,010,019	48,967	45,934	42,680	44,070	4.8	4.6	4.2	4.4
Oklahoma	1,936,290	1,996,125	1,951,367	1,995,562	63,919	78,783	58,640	63,196	3.3	3.9	3.0	3.2
Oregon	2,160,157	2,189,294	2,157,826	2,194,753	88,272	104,642	80,299	97,177	4.1	4.8	3.7	4.4
Pennsylvania	6,472,469	6,573,585	6,481,725	6,613,371	265,720	242,147	225,666	225,073	4.1	3.7	3.5	3.4
Rhode Island	570,610	584,047	570,621	589,117	20,937	31,554	17,641	25,020	3.7	5.4	3.1	4.2
South Carolina	2,430,775	2,472,651	2,446,512	2,504,964	85,188	90,182	74,584	83,963	3.5	3.6	3.0	3.4
South Dakota	473,329	476,832	476,015	479,297	11,313	12,820	9,225	9,480	2.4	2.7	1.9	2.0
Tennessee	3,360,148	3,394,505	3,370,815	3,429,009	116,990	95,325	108,797	101,621	3.5	2.8	3.2	3.0
Texas	15,011,661	15,295,403	15,058,520	15,276,869	654,309	665,729	604,785	622,898	4.4	4.4	4.0	4.1
Utah	1,774,242	1,804,640	1,780,212	1,802,427	49,920	59,511	47,045	49,699	2.8	3.3	2.6	2.8
Vermont	347,707	355,251	349,584	358,013	8,299	9,211	7,287	7,435	2.4	2.6	2.1	2.1
Virginia	4,519,896	4,567,444	4,559,490	4,579,378	131,451	133,063	128,914	111,266	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.4
Washington	4,023,491	4,023,883	4,025,445	4,003,685	181,167	225,903	165,079	204,870	4.5	5.6	4.1	5.1
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,799,376	1,809,720	1,810,737	1,792,853	51,142	75,154	56,647	73,398	2.8	4.2	3.1	4.1
West Virginia	776,427	783,905	775,375	784,749	32,133	39,073	30,897	38,274	4.1	5.0	4.0	4.9
Wisconsin	3,100,933	3,117,217	3,110,376	3,129,062	103,059	103,968	96,338	108,257	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.5
Wyoming	294,269	291,726	295,978	292,755	11,163	10,493	10,671	9,737	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.3
Puerto Rico	1,204,106	1,215,962	1,192,206	1,211,018	71,174	70,166	68,772	68,452	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.7
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
Alabama	2,155.1	2,181.7	2,186.5	2,191.1	99.6	102.6	104.1	104.2	279.9	286.2	285.9	287.5
Alaska	325.2	334.0	334.9	335.5	16.7	18.4	19.2	19.4	13.0	13.5	13.0	13.0
Arizona	3,179.8	3,235.9	3,241.4	3,250.1	208.4	217.1	217.1	216.3	194.3	194.2	193.8	193.4
Arkansas	1,348.7	1,359.3	1,360.7	1,367.2	61.9	67.5	68.0	67.9	163.0	159.9	159.3	161.1
California	17,778.5	17,974.5	17,967.9	17,996.2	895.9	934.7	925.2	929.8	1,339.4	1,331.0	1,326.7	1,321.4
Colorado	2,922.1	2,967.3	2,978.0	2,983.3	184.5	181.9	183.6	182.1	151.3	149.7	150.2	150.8
Connecticut	1,690.2	1,701.6	1,704.2	1,709.1	62.5	61.7	62.7	63.4	158.7	158.4	158.6	159.1
Delaware(2)	482.4	487.1	487.9	488.5	24.0	23.7	23.6	23.8	26.9	28.0	27.7	27.7
District of Columbia(2)	766.2	768.6	769.9	769.8	15.2	14.8	14.7	14.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1
Florida	9,688.0	9,893.1	9,888.7	9,899.1	622.2	643.7	641.6	645.2	418.3	428.7	427.6	426.0
Georgia	4,894.1	4,935.8	4,933.3	4,949.5	219.7	222.1	223.7	225.2	425.8	431.7	432.3	432.4
Hawaii(2)	632.4	633.1	634.4	637.4	37.9	39.7	39.9	40.7	12.7	12.5	12.6	12.6
Idaho	835.5	858.1	863.2	866.3	66.4	70.8	71.2	71.8	75.0	76.6	78.5	79.4
Illinois	6,113.0	6,099.7	6,126.4	6,139.1	235.0	229.1	234.6	235.4	578.6	582.2	581.5	582.3
Indiana	3,232.2	3,267.8	3,272.7	3,276.8	161.5	167.3	167.9	168.3	537.1	531.7	533.1	531.8
Iowa	1,586.8	1,596.2	1,608.1	1,612.5	83.1	85.5	87.2	88.1	226.2	228.5	228.8	228.6
Kansas	1,439.7	1,448.2	1,455.1	1,461.5	68.0	67.5	69.3	69.8	173.4	172.9	173.2	173.5
Kentucky	2,011.9	2,022.4	2,027.5	2,036.9	88.4	88.8	91.1	92.3	256.7	256.3	255.5	256.0
Louisiana	1,957.4	1,956.8	1,956.8	1,957.9	131.4	133.0	134.7	136.4	138.6	139.3	139.3	138.8
Maine	646.2	655.5	656.4	656.1	33.6	34.4	33.8	34.2	54.3	53.6	53.7	54.0
Maryland	2,742.1	2,741.4	2,743.6	2,743.5	160.9	155.5	155.8	156.2	112.1	110.0	109.7	109.6
Massachusetts	3,718.0	3,732.6	3,737.6	3,740.5	173.0	173.9	174.9	175.8	239.2	236.7	236.5	235.9
Michigan	4,439.1	4,457.1	4,469.2	4,475.3	187.5	192.7	195.8	199.8	616.7	609.3	608.2	609.5
Minnesota	2,976.6	3,008.1	3,011.1	3,022.1	134.2	133.1	131.3	134.0	326.8	324.2	324.8	324.3
Mississippi	1,180.7	1,183.9	1,185.4	1,189.8	47.7	48.7	49.1	49.5	146.3	144.9	143.7	144.8
Missouri	2,967.8	3,003.6	3,013.9	3,022.0	143.0	145.8	150.5	150.1	287.2	284.7	286.7	286.9
Montana	517.4	525.1	526.3	528.0	36.8	38.4	38.8	39.2	21.9	21.8	21.7	21.8
Nebraska	1,043.4	1,057.9	1,061.1	1,062.9	60.5	61.2	61.4	61.2	104.5	107.1	106.7	107.1
Nevada	1,524.8	1,571.3	1,573.3	1,576.0	110.9	119.0	118.5	120.2	66.9	69.6	69.5	69.2
New Hampshire	696.9	704.2	705.8	706.6	31.3	31.7	31.6	31.7	70.6	70.6	70.3	70.0
New Jersey	4,302.4	4,376.0	4,372.8	4,386.6	165.8	170.8	168.2	169.2	254.3	254.8	254.8	254.9
New Mexico	869.5	882.3	883.0	885.2	52.0	53.5	53.2	53.4	28.9	29.3	29.4	29.4
New York	9,680.7	9,802.5	9,801.2	9,825.1	393.5	380.8	374.3	383.8	423.4	422.4	421.1	419.8
North Carolina	4,920.7	4,975.7	4,977.5	4,978.0	257.2	265.3	264.4	266.2	472.7	468.9	467.8	467.4
North Dakota	436.4	440.8	439.9	439.6	27.8	26.9	26.8	27.0	28.2	29.1	28.9	28.7
Ohio	5,608.6	5,629.8	5,632.8	5,644.3	237.4	231.9	235.7	238.1	688.3	688.4	688.7	684.8
Oklahoma	1,750.8	1,770.1	1,776.9	1,779.1	81.4	86.9	87.8	87.1	138.1	141.4	141.1	141.2
Oregon	1,976.0	1,969.9	1,972.7	1,974.1	116.5	117.3	116.3	114.0	192.9	188.0	187.7	187.1
Pennsylvania	6,070.7	6,125.9	6,133.6	6,148.9	260.9	256.8	256.5	256.8	567.5	566.3	566.3	565.8
Rhode Island	504.6	512.3	511.9	513.4	21.6	21.3	21.3	21.3	40.5	40.9	40.9	41.3
South Carolina	2,293.2	2,346.9	2,351.2	2,358.4	111.3	116.0	115.5	114.9	262.8	265.8	265.9	265.9
South Dakota	459.4	467.9	469.1	470.4	27.5	30.7	30.7	30.5	45.5	45.6	45.4	44.9
Tennessee	3,312.6	3,305.5	3,318.7	3,329.3	153.5	153.0	154.7	154.9	366.5	362.6	362.4	363.8
Texas	13,845.0	14,053.9	14,096.6	14,115.7	816.6	837.0	844.9	845.2	950.3	966.2	969.5	967.8
Utah	1,709.8	1,743.4	1,741.9	1,746.4	131.4	138.5	137.9	137.8	152.7	155.6	153.9	154.2
Vermont	309.7	312.2	312.9	312.7	15.8	15.9	15.9	15.8	29.0	27.9	28.0	28.1
Virginia	4,154.4	4,199.3	4,211.8	4,228.3	214.7	218.9	220.0	221.8	245.8	248.7	248.2	248.7
Washington	3,582.9	3,628.2	3,632.1	3,637.4	234.0	226.4	226.8	225.6	272.5	279.2	280.9	281.2
West Virginia	707.9	720.3	721.6	719.6	32.6	34.0	34.6	34.9	46.4	46.4	46.5	45.6
Wisconsin	3,011.7	3,027.7	3,036.1	3,034.4	136.6	140.4	140.8	143.9	481.7	479.7	481.6	478.7
Wyoming	290.3	292.0	292.2	292.6	22.1	23.2	23.2	23.0	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.6
Puerto Rico	939.1	956.9	957.2	959.4	34.3	35.5	35.6	35.8	83.0	84.7	84.2	84.5
Virgin Islands(2)(3)	35.8	35.5	35.5	35.4	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
Alabama	408.6	409.9	410.8	410.9	104.7	105.0	104.9	104.7	267.2	267.0	266.7	266.2
Alaska	65.1	66.8	66.3	66.6	10.9	11.1	11.2	11.2	27.5	28.2	28.6	28.6
Arizona	612.6	625.2	624.9	627.3	244.1	241.2	241.7	241.2	469.8	470.6	473.4	476.0
Arkansas	267.5	268.6	267.6	268.3	70.2	70.8	71.2	71.3	157.6	156.8	156.6	158.0
California	3,110.8	3,101.2	3,096.8	3,098.8	818.6	808.2	804.9	804.8	2,798.1	2,773.3	2,775.9	2,781.0
Colorado	506.3	501.7	501.8	502.6	180.3	181.8	182.2	183.1	495.7	502.9	504.7	506.8
Connecticut	297.8	297.6	297.2	298.5	118.4	118.1	118.5	118.7	223.2	224.0	222.4	220.8
Delaware	90.5	89.3	89.4	89.9	50.5	50.5	50.7	50.7	65.3	63.4	63.2	62.7
District of Columbia	30.3	30.4	30.3	30.6	26.3	26.1	25.9	25.9	176.3	174.5	174.4	174.4
Florida	1,953.3	1,998.2	2,001.4	1,995.3	680.3	689.4	683.4	683.5	1,621.1	1,623.1	1,620.7	1,616.4
Georgia	1,044.9	1,029.9	1,029.8	1,029.5	277.9	283.4	283.3	283.6	777.3	776.1	771.2	777.4
Hawaii	117.8	115.1	115.2	115.6	27.9	27.0	27.0	26.9	71.8	71.8	71.5	71.8
Idaho	160.2	160.5	161.8	162.7	41.1	41.3	41.1	41.4	108.9	110.8	111.1	110.2
Illinois	1,228.2	1,221.1	1,221.8	1,224.2	401.4	398.5	397.8	396.7	959.6	922.0	921.4	922.0
Indiana	633.0	640.5	639.8	640.6	148.7	149.4	148.8	148.9	366.9	364.5	364.8	365.9
Iowa	312.3	306.5	307.4	309.2	108.0	108.8	108.9	108.5	146.2	146.8	148.5	150.7
Kansas	275.7	274.6	275.7	277.9	76.2	77.2	76.9	76.8	179.0	176.2	177.2	178.5
Kentucky	426.9	425.1	425.1	425.7	97.2	95.5	95.2	95.9	229.7	226.1	227.0	229.6
Louisiana	373.8	372.3	372.5	371.6	97.6	97.0	95.8	95.0	220.7	217.9	218.0	218.6
Maine	120.0	120.7	120.5	120.7	33.8	33.7	33.6	33.7	76.6	77.8	78.0	77.3
Maryland	471.1	466.4	465.0	462.4	139.9	138.0	137.4	137.5	479.1	473.0	471.9	470.3
Massachusetts	564.1	558.9	560.2	559.9	229.6	230.2	230.6	230.5	636.3	632.8	631.5	628.5
Michigan	810.6	818.4	817.7	817.4	231.4	231.1	228.8	226.9	660.7	645.4	645.4	645.4
Minnesota	531.6	537.1	536.7	536.5	190.9	186.8	186.1	185.2	390.9	380.0	380.0	379.3
Mississippi	248.1	244.5	244.7	246.3	45.4	45.6	45.4	45.5	118.3	117.0	117.1	115.8
Missouri	560.2	563.8	564.0	565.8	183.8	188.6	187.8	187.1	383.3	377.3	380.3	377.1
Montana	100.4	101.2	101.2	100.9	27.9	27.9	28.0	28.0	51.4	52.1	52.0	52.2
Nebraska	197.5	199.1	200.7	201.5	70.9	69.9	70.1	69.5	125.7	126.9	127.2	127.2
Nevada	295.2	301.6	301.3	300.5	76.1	77.9	77.6	77.6	214.7	215.6	217.7	217.0
New Hampshire	140.5	138.9	139.6	139.7	34.4	34.1	34.1	34.1	98.3	98.7	98.6	98.8
New Jersey	909.3	918.5	914.9	915.5	268.5	268.9	268.9	268.8	721.5	724.7	721.6	722.8
New Mexico	145.3	146.6	145.7	145.8	35.6	35.9	36.1	36.4	119.2	122.6	123.1	123.2
New York	1,491.7	1,479.0	1,482.7	1,479.0	744.0	750.0	747.8	747.0	1,392.5	1,391.1	1,390.4	1,395.7
North Carolina	931.3	929.4	930.9	928.8	304.0	310.7	310.7	311.3	745.1	746.6	746.3	744.5
North Dakota	91.4	93.2	93.4	93.9	25.1	25.1	25.1	25.2	34.7	33.9	33.9	33.6
Ohio	1,057.4	1,051.0	1,051.4	1,056.2	325.9	321.8	319.6	318.4	750.0	741.9	739.8	742.3
Oklahoma	322.9	320.0	320.0	320.1	83.4	84.6	84.6	84.8	211.1	206.7	207.1	206.7
Oregon	365.1	358.9	360.1	360.1	103.9	101.9	101.4	101.5	267.2	257.4	258.7	261.1
Pennsylvania	1,143.6	1,134.6	1,135.5	1,138.3	339.4	342.2	342.4	343.4	844.8	836.1	835.2	838.2
Rhode Island	77.4	77.4	77.8	77.6	35.3	35.0	34.9	34.9	70.1	71.0	71.4	72.6
South Carolina	440.1	443.0	446.2	447.1	121.0	123.8	123.5	123.8	311.2	318.2	315.4	317.4
South Dakota	90.7	91.4	91.7	92.9	27.8	27.5	27.5	27.6	37.2	37.6	37.7	38.1
Tennessee	680.8	681.1	681.2	682.5	187.1	182.5	182.2	183.0	465.2	444.4	449.5	450.3
Texas	2,751.5	2,769.6	2,766.6	2,765.1	901.5	912.1	914.7	913.0	2,120.5	2,132.2	2,143.8	2,145.5
Utah	315.8	315.1	314.8	316.0	98.7	97.6	96.4	97.5	249.0	252.4	252.9	251.7
Vermont	52.3	53.1	53.2	53.4	12.0	12.2	12.2	12.1	33.5	33.6	33.5	33.4
Virginia	672.3	670.4	673.8	676.3	221.1	222.4	221.0	221.1	811.6	808.1	815.2	819.4
Washington	616.9	615.5	617.7	620.9	165.3	165.1	164.8	166.2	547.8	547.3	546.5	549.2
West Virginia	122.8	121.8	121.9	121.7	25.4	26.5	26.3	26.1	72.8	74.3	73.7	73.0
Wisconsin	554.4	553.2	555.2	553.4	159.6	159.4	159.4	159.2	331.3	328.7	326.3	325.5
Wyoming	52.3	52.2	52.1	52.1	11.6	11.3	11.2	11.3	21.5	21.0	21.4	21.5
Puerto Rico	186.0	189.3	188.9	189.5	47.3	47.6	48.1	48.0	139.9	141.7	140.3	140.9
Virgin Islands(1)	7.2	6.9	7.0	6.8	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
Alabama	257.2	263.3	265.7	267.4	204.3	205.2	204.9	205.1	398.3	405.3	405.8	407.2
Alaska	50.8	52.8	52.8	52.4	35.5	34.7	34.7	34.7	78.1	79.4	79.6	79.8
Arizona	507.6	537.3	538.4	540.9	353.3	351.7	351.5	352.8	422.3	431.5	433.3	434.8
Arkansas	205.6	211.7	212.6	212.5	127.5	127.3	128.1	130.4	209.9	211.9	212.1	212.5
California	3,044.7	3,196.6	3,212.8	3,226.4	1,997.8	2,031.2	2,030.6	2,031.2	2,587.0	2,642.8	2,645.5	2,651.9
Colorado	363.8	378.4	381.4	381.2	349.2	356.1	356.0	356.1	464.2	487.1	489.3	491.9
Connecticut	350.8	360.5	361.2	362.2	153.4	153.7	154.6	156.7	231.0	233.3	233.0	233.5
Delaware	81.8	85.5	85.3	85.7	51.9	53.4	53.9	53.7	69.0	70.8	71.6	71.8
District of Columbia	120.5	123.6	123.2	121.8	76.4	76.2	77.7	77.4	232.8	234.9	235.1	235.4
Florida	1,457.9	1,508.8	1,507.4	1,519.9	1,291.6	1,321.8	1,323.4	1,324.0	1,115.4	1,141.1	1,145.0	1,146.7
Georgia	649.9	673.7	670.1	674.9	508.0	523.7	524.7	527.0	690.3	706.5	710.3	713.6
Hawaii	87.5	89.9	90.0	90.7	118.9	119.5	119.5	119.8	122.6	125.0	125.8	126.2
Idaho	121.8	130.3	130.5	130.4	92.0	93.5	94.3	94.8	128.8	133.7	134.0	134.6
Illinois	960.8	978.1	982.6	984.8	590.6	594.2	600.6	603.5	805.7	823.7	832.5	835.8
Indiana	491.4	510.9	511.6	512.8	312.9	314.4	314.8	315.1	418.2	425.4	427.5	428.3
Iowa	232.4	237.7	239.3	238.8	139.6	141.2	144.5	145.0	261.9	265.5	266.5	267.1
Kansas	204.5	212.3	213.2	213.5	132.9	133.2	135.0	135.6	252.3	256.9	256.8	257.7
Kentucky	300.7	308.9	311.2	313.0	203.6	205.3	205.6	207.4	305.4	312.4	312.6	312.9
Louisiana	332.5	335.9	337.9	337.2	222.3	220.3	218.9	219.2	315.3	318.1	317.2	317.6
Maine	128.1	133.3	134.5	134.0	68.3	68.2	68.7	68.5	99.1	101.5	101.4	101.7
Maryland	456.0	465.9	470.3	471.6	260.1	260.5	262.5	262.7	520.8	532.5	530.8	532.5
Massachusetts	821.7	839.0	841.0	843.4	360.2	364.5	366.8	368.4	458.8	461.7	461.7	462.8
Michigan	681.1	690.6	698.3	698.4	418.9	422.7	424.6	424.5	596.6	612.9	617.8	619.9
Minnesota	558.4	578.9	580.8	583.6	265.3	269.8	269.7	274.7	414.5	432.6	435.0	438.0
Mississippi	149.1	154.2	155.0	155.8	134.5	135.2	136.3	137.8	235.7	238.8	239.1	239.3
Missouri	502.9	518.0	520.9	523.0	309.3	318.8	314.8	321.0	429.8	436.9	439.0	440.0
Montana	82.9	85.5	85.6	86.3	72.7	74.3	74.3	74.6	91.2	92.4	92.6	92.7
Nebraska	160.2	165.2	166.2	166.5	95.5	98.6	98.7	99.0	173.4	174.8	175.1	175.6
Nevada	162.8	167.4	167.8	168.0	345.3	358.3	358.6	361.1	174.3	180.7	181.4	181.8
New Hampshire	124.7	130.5	131.2	131.9	73.2	74.4	74.4	74.2	86.3	88.1	88.3	88.5
New Jersey	741.1	774.2	778.7	784.6	395.6	406.6	407.9	409.7	596.7	602.4	603.5	606.1
New Mexico	143.9	146.1	146.4	146.4	99.7	98.2	98.5	99.5	182.8	189.3	189.9	189.8
New York	2,197.0	2,285.6	2,295.6	2,303.8	908.0	942.4	945.5	947.1	1,445.6	1,473.7	1,472.2	1,476.8
North Carolina	660.0	680.7	681.5	683.3	526.1	535.1	534.9	536.8	736.0	751.3	750.9	749.7
North Dakota	67.9	69.5	69.2	69.1	39.8	39.6	39.1	38.5	82.6	83.6	83.4	83.7
Ohio	927.1	957.9	961.1	964.3	561.2	566.9	569.4	570.6	775.6	781.6	779.5	781.8
Oklahoma	255.6	266.5	266.8	268.9	180.6	184.8	185.0	185.5	356.4	360.8	365.2	366.2
Oregon	314.6	327.7	329.4	330.0	205.8	204.7	204.5	204.6	302.7	310.6	311.3	312.3
Pennsylvania	1,299.5	1,348.8	1,352.2	1,355.2	557.5	568.9	572.3	577.8	683.2	695.0	696.2	696.5
Rhode Island	107.8	111.5	112.0	112.1	58.7	63.2	60.4	60.4	65.0	64.2	65.5	65.6
South Carolina	276.8	291.8	293.8	295.4	278.5	289.7	290.7	293.0	371.7	375.6	377.1	377.6
South Dakota	76.6	77.4	77.9	77.9	49.0	50.3	50.8	51.1	80.6	82.4	82.6	82.6
Tennessee	465.5	486.7	490.3	492.3	360.1	361.7	362.1	364.4	445.4	444.4	446.4	447.6
Texas	1,878.7	1,926.3	1,929.2	1,931.5	1,477.0	1,498.2	1,507.5	1,514.8	2,027.6	2,083.6	2,089.7	2,095.8
Utah	231.6	240.4	240.7	242.5	170.9	171.7	172.4	173.2	260.5	272.0	273.2	274.0
Vermont	62.2	63.4	63.6	63.7	34.5	34.9	34.9	34.8	54.8	55.6	56.1	55.8
Virginia	575.9	596.3	598.8	599.3	406.6	416.0	414.2	417.7	730.4	741.0	743.5	746.5
Washington	525.5	548.1	549.3	550.5	340.3	353.3	350.6	349.2	578.7	596.8	599.4	601.8
West Virginia	131.9	136.3	137.0	136.9	72.0	72.9	73.1	72.2	151.1	155.4	155.6	156.0
Wisconsin	468.8	476.9	479.1	477.9	280.8	285.5	286.5	286.2	402.6	406.2	409.8	411.0
Wyoming	29.2	29.4	29.4	29.4	38.1	38.8	38.8	39.0	68.3	70.3	70.5	70.5
Puerto Rico	122.4	125.4	126.2	126.2	92.9	97.7	98.0	98.7	198.3	201.7	202.4	202.3
Virgin Islands	2.4	2.4	2.5	2.4	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.6	10.9	11.0	10.9	10.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	February		March		February		March		February		March
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,144.1	2,181.9	2,148.3	2,187.2	9.4	9.1	9.3	9.0	99.2	104.0	99.9	104.0
Alaska	313.9	325.5	315.4	328.0	11.1	12.3	11.2	12.6	14.3	17.4	14.6	17.8
Arizona	3,181.3	3,249.6	3,181.9	3,251.5	13.6	14.8	13.6	15.0	205.3	215.9	207.4	215.6
Arkansas	1,341.7	1,352.8	1,348.3	1,363.7	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.2	60.1	66.6	61.1	66.7
California	17,695.8	17,869.1	17,707.9	17,933.3	19.1	19.8	18.7	19.5	893.7	906.5	882.3	912.8
Colorado	2,891.3	2,957.0	2,902.5	2,968.1	21.3	21.8	21.4	22.3	177.6	177.5	179.8	176.6
Connecticut	1,665.3	1,683.4	1,671.4	1,692.3	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	57.0	57.0	58.5	59.0
Delaware(1)	474.1	479.5	477.6	482.6	-	-	-	-	23.4	22.7	23.6	23.3
District of Columbia(1)	759.4	765.4	762.7	765.8	-	-	-	-	15.1	14.2	15.2	14.5
Florida	9,693.0	9,920.0	9,720.2	9,930.6	5.7	6.1	5.7	6.1	618.2	640.6	622.4	644.0
Georgia	4,875.8	4,916.6	4,884.4	4,941.3	9.6	9.6	9.7	9.6	217.1	222.3	219.0	224.5
Hawaii(1)	634.6	635.0	633.7	639.0	-	-	-	-	37.8	40.1	37.8	41.1
Idaho	829.2	854.6	828.6	860.7	3.9	4.2	3.8	4.2	63.6	68.7	64.4	69.4
Illinois	6,012.9	6,035.5	6,056.1	6,071.3	6.9	7.1	7.0	7.1	209.0	206.0	218.1	215.1
Indiana	3,203.1	3,244.1	3,217.2	3,259.2	5.7	5.5	5.7	5.6	151.4	158.8	154.8	163.0
Iowa	1,569.4	1,588.2	1,573.4	1,597.1	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.1	71.9	74.6	74.7	79.1
Kansas	1,430.4	1,447.2	1,433.1	1,457.7	6.3	6.0	6.3	6.1	64.5	66.6	66.4	68.3
Kentucky	1,991.3	2,006.2	2,004.7	2,026.1	8.6	8.9	8.7	9.0	83.4	86.1	86.0	88.8
Louisiana	1,948.5	1,950.4	1,954.5	1,956.9	31.5	30.3	32.0	30.4	128.9	134.1	131.6	136.8
Maine	630.1	638.1	630.5	638.8	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.0	31.3	30.7	31.5	31.3
Maryland	2,702.4	2,708.1	2,716.2	2,721.1	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4	157.3	151.4	158.4	153.1
Massachusetts	3,647.1	3,676.5	3,663.9	3,690.2	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	161.6	162.7	163.9	166.1
Michigan	4,376.9	4,413.8	4,393.0	4,431.4	7.0	7.0	7.0	7.1	169.1	180.0	172.4	187.4
Minnesota	2,927.5	2,966.4	2,926.9	2,974.9	5.7	6.5	5.9	6.5	116.2	114.9	117.2	117.0
Mississippi	1,176.6	1,181.1	1,177.4	1,187.4	6.2	6.3	6.2	6.3	47.0	48.9	47.6	50.0
Missouri	2,933.8	2,989.5	2,949.3	3,009.9	4.3	4.5	4.3	4.5	136.8	144.1	139.3	146.6
Montana	507.8	517.4	509.9	520.9	6.9	7.0	6.8	7.0	33.5	35.1	34.1	36.2
Nebraska	1,029.2	1,049.3	1,034.8	1,056.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	56.1	57.5	57.5	58.8
Nevada	1,511.9	1,564.4	1,517.1	1,570.3	14.7	15.5	14.8	15.4	109.0	115.6	109.6	119.6
New Hampshire	690.5	700.4	691.3	701.3	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	29.4	29.7	29.7	29.9
New Jersey	4,232.8	4,292.8	4,257.1	4,328.3	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.5	157.7	158.7	160.2	161.8
New Mexico	865.8	880.4	867.5	885.6	23.0	23.4	23.4	23.8	50.5	52.2	51.4	53.1
New York	9,560.4	9,684.1	9,605.6	9,747.4	5.0	5.2	5.0	5.2	371.4	358.0	375.6	368.9
North Carolina	4,886.1	4,957.9	4,902.8	4,973.0	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.8	254.3	261.8	256.8	265.0
North Dakota	429.4	433.3	431.0	434.0	17.4	18.3	17.7	18.9	24.0	22.4	24.2	23.5
Ohio	5,534.7	5,561.4	5,554.6	5,593.8	9.2	9.0	9.3	9.3	220.1	215.7	225.0	223.0
Oklahoma	1,736.9	1,768.8	1,746.0	1,777.0	32.5	32.3	32.6	32.4	79.8	86.4	81.0	86.7
Oregon	1,966.2	1,956.2	1,973.6	1,964.6	5.9	6.0	5.8	6.1	113.6	112.5	114.4	110.8
Pennsylvania	5,999.4	6,069.8	6,040.4	6,105.6	22.7	22.7	22.9	22.7	242.8	239.1	248.4	243.8
Rhode Island	493.2	502.1	496.6	504.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	20.0	19.6	20.2	19.9
South Carolina	2,271.3	2,337.4	2,284.0	2,351.8	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.5	109.8	115.5	110.5	114.7
South Dakota	449.0	458.6	451.7	461.8	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.2	24.0	26.6	24.5	27.0
Tennessee	3,293.5	3,299.9	3,303.5	3,320.2	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.6	149.5	151.9	152.3	153.3
Texas	13,754.3	14,051.3	13,800.4	14,066.6	214.4	207.3	215.1	211.8	806.3	835.3	814.3	836.6
Utah	1,702.7	1,733.4	1,703.9	1,739.5	10.4	10.9	10.5	10.9	127.9	133.6	128.8	135.4
Vermont	309.4	312.2	310.0	311.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	14.1	14.1	14.3	14.0
Virginia	4,125.2	4,182.0	4,134.4	4,208.9	7.3	7.2	7.3	7.1	210.3	215.4	212.2	219.0
Washington	3,545.0	3,599.5	3,561.6	3,619.3	5.3	5.6	5.3	5.6	226.6	220.2	229.9	222.4
West Virginia	700.5	712.9	704.6	714.9	21.0	20.9	21.1	21.2	29.7	31.3	30.5	32.9
Wisconsin	2,965.3	2,992.8	2,977.1	2,997.8	3.6	3.9	3.6	3.9	123.9	127.6	126.2	133.6
Wyoming	282.4	285.9	284.3	287.0	17.0	16.3	17.1	16.5	19.3	20.9	20.0	21.1
Puerto Rico	930.1	957.7	941.2	960.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	33.3	35.4	34.6	36.1
Virgin Islands(1)	35.9	35.6	36.3	35.5	-	-	-	-	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	February		March		February		March		February		March
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	279.8	285.7	279.8	287.0	405.4	410.6	405.0	409.8	23.4	23.6	23.2	23.8
Alaska	12.1	12.5	12.3	12.6	61.7	63.6	62.0	64.0	4.6	4.3	4.6	4.3
Arizona	194.5	193.3	193.7	192.5	609.5	624.7	607.8	626.1	52.6	49.1	51.6	48.7
Arkansas	163.4	159.0	162.9	160.8	265.3	265.9	266.2	267.9	13.0	12.2	13.0	12.2
California	1,333.0	1,314.5	1,333.2	1,312.5	3,090.4	3,076.1	3,078.7	3,068.8	597.6	526.8	587.1	529.3
Colorado	150.8	150.1	150.8	150.7	503.4	500.2	502.2	499.8	79.4	76.6	78.6	75.9
Connecticut	157.7	158.3	158.2	158.8	294.0	293.9	293.9	295.0	31.6	29.8	31.5	29.9
Delaware	26.8	27.5	26.9	27.5	89.1	88.6	89.2	88.7	3.7	3.5	3.6	3.5
District of Columbia	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	30.1	30.2	30.0	30.4	20.1	19.3	20.0	19.5
Florida	417.3	426.8	418.5	425.4	1,948.3	2,004.5	1,944.3	1,995.4	160.5	158.3	159.6	158.6
Georgia	425.3	432.9	426.4	432.4	1,041.4	1,025.6	1,039.9	1,026.1	132.0	110.4	127.2	107.0
Hawaii	12.7	12.5	12.6	12.5	117.0	114.8	117.2	115.0	10.6	6.9	9.0	7.1
Idaho	75.0	78.2	74.7	79.1	158.9	160.3	159.0	161.3	9.5	9.4	9.5	9.3
Illinois	577.8	579.5	578.4	581.1	1,213.2	1,209.0	1,215.6	1,212.3	96.6	88.8	96.3	89.3
Indiana	539.5	531.1	538.1	530.7	628.4	633.6	627.8	633.9	26.7	26.3	26.7	26.3
Iowa	225.1	228.2	225.3	227.5	309.2	305.4	308.4	305.7	18.9	18.0	18.7	18.0
Kansas	173.6	172.6	172.9	173.2	273.6	273.2	273.1	276.0	18.1	18.2	18.0	18.2
Kentucky	254.2	254.8	257.0	255.5	425.7	422.1	424.9	422.7	23.1	22.5	23.0	22.2
Louisiana	137.4	139.1	138.6	138.3	372.0	370.0	372.1	370.2	20.1	17.6	19.7	17.8
Maine	53.8	53.0	53.5	53.4	117.7	117.6	117.2	117.9	8.2	8.1	8.2	8.1
Maryland	111.3	108.8	111.2	108.7	464.5	458.0	464.4	456.1	35.2	33.4	35.2	33.6
Massachusetts	237.6	234.6	238.1	234.5	556.1	553.8	555.9	553.0	96.9	92.6	96.7	91.8
Michigan	614.3	603.0	616.3	605.2	799.7	807.8	799.6	809.2	58.1	57.5	57.9	57.2
Minnesota	323.9	321.7	323.7	320.5	522.4	530.0	521.9	530.2	45.1	42.9	44.7	42.5
Mississippi	146.7	144.0	146.2	144.6	246.7	243.2	245.7	244.9	10.1	9.4	9.9	9.4
Missouri	287.4	286.4	287.3	286.6	554.2	561.5	555.9	563.1	49.1	49.0	49.1	48.7
Montana	21.6	21.6	21.6	21.6	99.2	100.6	99.6	100.2	5.8	5.5	5.7	5.4
Nebraska	104.7	106.5	104.5	107.1	195.0	198.6	195.5	200.4	17.2	17.4	17.1	17.4
Nevada	66.7	69.5	67.0	68.8	292.6	299.8	291.2	298.4	19.8	19.4	18.7	19.5
New Hampshire	70.4	69.8	70.5	69.5	138.9	138.7	138.7	138.7	12.0	11.5	12.0	11.6
New Jersey	252.8	253.2	253.4	253.9	897.7	903.3	897.4	902.6	78.7	77.0	78.0	76.6
New Mexico	28.6	29.1	28.4	29.1	144.2	144.6	144.3	144.8	10.9	8.8	10.7	8.6
New York	420.7	416.2	421.7	418.0	1,470.9	1,462.9	1,472.0	1,458.9	294.5	277.2	293.8	277.6
North Carolina	473.1	467.0	472.6	466.1	921.5	922.8	923.5	921.8	85.8	83.1	85.7	83.3
North Dakota	27.8	28.7	27.9	28.5	90.8	92.6	90.7	92.7	5.7	5.3	5.7	5.3
Ohio	687.4	686.2	687.4	684.9	1,048.0	1,042.5	1,046.5	1,045.8	68.6	66.1	67.8	65.2
Oklahoma	137.5	141.2	137.9	141.2	319.4	318.1	320.0	319.2	18.0	17.1	18.2	16.7
Oregon	192.0	185.1	191.5	184.5	362.9	357.1	362.4	356.0	37.3	33.4	37.0	33.4
Pennsylvania	564.5	564.1	566.0	563.4	1,135.2	1,128.1	1,136.4	1,130.3	94.1	92.6	94.0	92.6
Rhode Island	40.5	40.7	40.5	41.2	76.7	77.0	76.3	76.8	5.9	5.6	5.9	5.5
South Carolina	263.6	265.9	263.4	265.9	435.7	442.8	436.9	445.4	29.9	28.4	29.3	29.1
South Dakota	45.2	45.4	45.4	44.8	89.0	90.4	89.3	91.8	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.0
Tennessee	366.9	362.3	366.2	364.0	679.5	679.8	677.8	679.3	56.8	54.6	56.4	54.9
Texas	947.2	967.0	947.7	964.9	2,728.8	2,758.5	2,727.6	2,749.3	236.7	232.3	236.4	232.5
Utah	152.5	152.9	152.3	153.7	312.6	312.6	312.6	313.8	43.4	42.6	42.5	42.4
Vermont	28.9	27.7	28.8	27.9	51.8	52.9	51.8	52.8	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.5
Virginia	246.0	247.3	245.4	247.9	665.1	667.3	665.2	668.8	70.9	69.3	70.8	69.6
Washington	269.6	278.9	270.6	279.1	609.6	609.5	610.3	614.5	172.3	163.9	171.8	163.5
West Virginia	46.0	46.1	46.3	45.3	121.3	120.7	121.3	121.0	8.0	7.7	7.9	7.7
Wisconsin	479.0	480.9	479.2	477.0	547.2	547.0	548.3	545.4	46.9	47.5	46.9	47.4
Wyoming	10.4	10.4	10.3	10.4	51.4	51.5	51.5	51.5	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.1
Puerto Rico	82.2	84.4	83.7	84.5	182.9	188.3	185.0	188.6	15.4	13.7	15.3	13.8
Virgin Islands	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	7.0	7.0	7.2	6.9	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	February		March		February		March		February		March
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	104.1	104.4	104.2	104.1	267.3	267.3	266.4	266.3	255.6	265.8	255.9	266.4
Alaska	10.7	11.0	10.7	11.0	26.8	27.8	26.6	27.8	50.9	53.0	51.0	52.7
Arizona	243.0	241.7	243.7	240.0	472.2	473.0	469.0	472.7	506.5	540.8	507.2	542.0
Arkansas	70.1	70.2	69.8	70.0	157.0	156.2	157.3	158.0	205.4	213.0	206.5	212.7
California	814.6	803.7	812.2	801.2	2,793.8	2,762.3	2,779.1	2,765.9	3,036.1	3,219.0	3,048.9	3,236.0
Colorado	180.2	182.0	179.8	182.8	487.1	499.2	488.3	500.4	363.0	383.1	363.6	382.3
Connecticut	117.8	118.1	117.8	118.6	216.9	218.8	218.9	217.6	351.7	363.5	350.8	362.9
Delaware	50.1	50.7	50.3	50.6	64.6	61.7	64.7	62.2	81.0	85.0	81.9	85.4
District of Columbia	26.1	25.7	26.2	25.7	175.1	173.7	175.5	173.5	122.2	124.5	122.4	122.7
Florida	676.0	679.3	678.3	680.3	1,618.2	1,619.2	1,618.4	1,611.1	1,457.8	1,513.1	1,459.7	1,522.3
Georgia	276.0	283.6	276.9	283.4	777.3	768.5	774.8	774.9	646.2	670.7	648.2	676.9
Hawaii	27.8	26.9	27.8	26.7	71.8	71.4	71.7	72.0	88.3	90.3	88.0	91.2
Idaho	40.8	40.8	40.7	41.4	106.6	108.8	107.2	108.6	125.0	131.7	122.5	131.9
Illinois	397.8	394.8	398.2	393.9	940.9	898.8	943.4	900.6	960.7	988.7	967.3	990.0
Indiana	147.2	147.3	147.2	147.9	359.9	358.5	361.4	360.0	491.1	512.7	491.4	514.0
Iowa	107.4	108.4	107.3	108.1	144.6	145.7	144.4	148.3	238.2	242.7	238.2	242.1
Kansas	75.6	76.6	75.5	76.2	176.5	174.8	176.6	177.3	204.4	214.0	203.6	213.4
Kentucky	96.3	94.6	96.5	95.5	226.2	224.1	226.7	228.2	300.1	311.2	301.2	313.4
Louisiana	97.0	95.4	97.1	94.5	220.6	215.0	220.6	218.3	331.0	338.6	331.0	337.1
Maine	33.5	33.4	33.4	33.5	75.4	76.6	75.1	75.7	128.7	135.1	129.1	134.9
Maryland	139.2	136.1	138.8	136.0	472.3	465.0	473.6	464.0	455.5	472.1	456.3	474.3
Massachusetts	227.2	229.2	227.3	229.0	621.7	618.5	623.8	615.0	824.1	847.2	828.2	852.5
Michigan	229.4	226.7	229.5	224.4	654.1	638.2	655.1	640.1	680.0	699.0	680.8	699.2
Minnesota	189.9	185.4	189.6	184.0	383.9	370.8	383.1	369.2	559.7	581.0	559.5	584.0
Mississippi	45.3	45.2	45.3	45.2	118.0	115.9	117.8	115.2	148.7	155.3	148.8	155.9
Missouri	182.8	187.6	183.0	187.0	379.7	378.3	380.1	375.2	503.3	524.9	500.6	523.7
Montana	27.7	27.9	27.6	27.9	50.0	50.4	50.3	50.8	83.4	86.0	83.4	86.7
Nebraska	70.8	69.6	70.5	69.0	123.6	125.5	124.2	125.8	159.6	166.7	160.4	167.1
Nevada	76.3	77.0	75.7	77.3	211.0	215.7	212.2	214.8	162.2	168.7	162.6	167.4
New Hampshire	34.3	33.8	34.3	33.8	96.4	98.1	96.8	97.9	126.5	132.9	126.6	132.7
New Jersey	265.6	268.0	266.8	267.0	709.0	700.7	713.4	708.3	740.6	778.3	745.7	788.3
New Mexico	35.5	35.3	35.5	35.8	118.5	122.7	118.0	123.1	145.1	147.5	144.1	147.3
New York	735.2	741.0	736.3	741.4	1,364.3	1,362.7	1,373.0	1,376.5	2,221.8	2,311.3	2,231.0	2,329.5
North Carolina	301.3	308.2	301.4	309.0	743.6	745.0	742.4	742.2	660.7	682.1	660.0	686.6
North Dakota	24.9	25.0	24.9	25.0	33.8	32.9	34.0	32.9	67.7	69.3	68.0	69.2
Ohio	322.9	318.1	323.4	316.2	734.5	723.3	738.0	729.9	926.2	964.6	927.0	968.9
Oklahoma	82.6	84.2	82.7	84.4	208.9	203.7	209.5	204.7	254.2	266.6	254.8	267.7
Oregon	103.1	100.7	103.0	100.2	266.2	256.1	266.7	259.7	316.4	331.6	318.5	333.1
Pennsylvania	336.5	340.5	337.7	341.5	831.0	822.1	837.1	826.2	1,306.1	1,361.2	1,313.6	1,368.4
Rhode Island	34.9	34.7	35.1	34.6	67.5	69.1	68.3	70.2	108.0	113.7	109.1	113.4
South Carolina	119.3	122.6	120.0	122.3	309.0	316.5	309.1	316.5	276.7	295.1	277.0	296.0
South Dakota	27.7	27.4	27.6	27.3	36.4	36.7	36.6	37.3	76.5	78.0	76.9	78.2
Tennessee	185.1	180.3	186.0	181.5	462.6	445.1	462.1	447.4	466.5	491.7	466.8	493.7
Texas	895.6	910.4	896.4	908.7	2,112.9	2,134.9	2,109.6	2,125.6	1,868.6	1,931.7	1,872.2	1,929.9
Utah	97.8	95.8	98.0	96.7	246.3	249.4	245.8	247.0	236.1	244.6	235.1	246.9
Vermont	11.9	12.0	11.9	12.0	32.6	33.2	32.7	32.5	63.0	63.9	64.0	65.1
Virginia	219.3	220.2	219.6	219.8	807.2	807.7	804.9	815.2	579.0	600.6	579.1	600.1
Washington	163.8	162.8	164.5	164.9	543.7	542.6	543.9	546.4	527.3	550.2	528.6	551.7
West Virginia	25.3	25.9	25.3	25.9	71.9	72.5	72.5	72.5	131.5	137.6	132.3	137.2
Wisconsin	158.1	159.1	158.2	158.6	326.0	319.2	327.7	319.2	466.9	478.4	468.7	477.6
Wyoming	11.5	11.2	11.5	11.3	20.5	20.6	20.6	20.8	29.4	29.7	29.5	29.5
Puerto Rico	47.1	48.1	47.5	47.9	139.5	140.3	140.4	140.8	121.4	125.9	123.0	126.7
Virgin Islands	1.9	1.7	1.9	1.7	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	February		March		February		March		February		March
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	200.2	199.8	202.0	202.2	102.1	104.8	102.7	105.4	397.6	406.8	399.9	409.2
Alaska	30.9	30.5	31.4	31.2	11.3	12.3	11.3	12.4	79.5	80.8	79.7	81.6
Arizona	352.9	350.5	356.2	352.2	101.5	103.2	101.9	103.3	429.7	442.6	429.8	443.4
Arkansas	123.0	122.4	126.3	127.2	67.0	67.3	66.9	67.3	212.2	214.8	213.0	215.7
California	1,957.5	1,991.8	1,980.4	2,008.9	575.0	589.4	577.9	593.9	2,585.0	2,659.2	2,609.4	2,684.5
Colorado	341.8	349.4	345.5	353.0	124.6	128.2	125.9	129.5	462.1	488.9	466.6	494.8
Connecticut	142.3	142.4	144.4	147.6	61.2	64.4	61.4	64.5	234.6	236.7	235.5	237.9
Delaware	47.4	48.6	48.6	49.3	18.6	18.8	18.5	18.8	69.4	72.4	70.3	73.3
District of Columbia	72.2	74.9	74.3	75.8	66.6	67.6	67.0	68.2	230.9	234.3	231.1	234.4
Florida	1,295.1	1,333.2	1,314.7	1,343.4	362.4	373.6	364.2	377.0	1,133.5	1,165.3	1,134.4	1,167.0
Georgia	495.1	512.8	503.6	522.0	163.8	167.4	165.1	167.9	692.0	712.8	693.6	716.6
Hawaii	117.8	118.4	118.4	119.0	26.6	25.9	26.6	26.0	124.2	127.8	124.6	128.4
Idaho	88.1	90.8	89.2	92.2	27.4	26.3	27.4	26.8	130.4	135.4	130.2	136.5
Illinois	557.3	568.4	570.8	580.4	246.5	255.2	248.2	256.4	806.2	839.2	812.8	845.1
Indiana	301.3	303.2	305.8	308.4	127.7	131.5	128.7	131.7	424.2	435.6	429.6	437.7
Iowa	132.7	137.1	134.3	138.8	55.5	56.1	55.5	55.9	263.9	270.0	264.5	271.5
Kansas	128.4	130.7	130.5	132.9	52.4	53.7	52.9	53.9	257.0	260.8	257.3	262.2
Kentucky	196.3	196.0	200.4	202.5	70.4	71.8	71.3	72.4	307.0	314.1	309.0	315.9
Louisiana	219.2	216.5	221.2	218.3	72.5	74.0	73.2	75.2	318.3	319.8	317.4	320.0
Maine	57.4	57.0	58.1	57.3	21.8	21.6	21.8	21.4	100.2	102.9	100.6	103.3
Maryland	241.1	244.2	247.0	250.4	103.5	103.6	104.3	105.1	521.1	534.1	525.5	538.4
Massachusetts	328.0	333.5	333.2	340.5	132.2	136.8	133.3	138.5	460.8	466.7	462.6	468.3
Michigan	393.7	400.2	400.2	403.4	166.5	165.2	168.1	166.4	605.0	629.2	606.1	631.8
Minnesota	250.2	255.8	250.9	262.0	111.3	115.7	111.5	115.7	419.2	441.7	418.9	443.3
Mississippi	131.3	132.9	132.9	135.5	39.3	39.6	39.3	39.4	237.3	240.4	237.7	241.0
Missouri	289.9	294.6	300.3	311.2	112.9	114.7	114.0	116.7	433.4	443.9	435.4	446.6
Montana	69.5	70.8	70.1	71.8	19.4	19.2	19.3	19.4	90.8	93.3	91.4	93.9
Nebraska	91.4	94.5	92.8	96.1	36.6	36.2	36.8	36.8	173.2	175.8	174.5	177.3
Nevada	339.6	352.9	343.9	357.9	43.6	45.1	44.1	45.1	176.4	185.2	177.3	186.1
New Hampshire	68.4	68.8	68.2	69.0	24.1	24.7	24.1	25.2	89.3	91.6	89.6	92.2
New Jersey	360.0	369.2	369.0	381.4	166.1	171.8	167.1	172.8	603.2	611.2	604.7	614.1
New Mexico	97.0	96.1	98.4	98.8	27.1	27.8	27.2	28.3	185.4	192.9	186.1	192.9
New York	851.5	888.5	865.5	900.1	382.2	384.1	383.0	387.1	1,442.9	1,477.0	1,448.7	1,484.2
North Carolina	502.8	517.9	512.4	524.1	194.5	199.8	195.4	200.1	742.9	764.6	747.0	769.0
North Dakota	38.6	38.0	38.8	37.5	15.0	15.7	15.0	15.4	83.7	85.1	84.1	85.1
Ohio	528.6	538.1	541.3	545.9	204.7	209.5	206.4	211.0	784.5	788.3	782.5	793.7
Oklahoma	175.8	180.6	178.7	183.7	69.5	69.2	70.0	69.2	358.7	369.4	360.6	371.1
Oregon	198.0	195.6	201.0	199.3	63.3	62.5	63.8	63.1	307.5	315.6	309.5	318.4
Pennsylvania	522.8	538.1	535.6	553.0	252.3	256.7	254.7	257.3	691.4	704.6	694.0	706.4
Rhode Island	53.3	53.9	53.7	54.4	21.6	21.4	21.6	21.4	64.7	66.2	65.7	66.6
South Carolina	265.8	276.1	273.3	286.1	84.9	89.6	85.8	89.1	372.2	380.4	374.3	382.2
South Dakota	45.3	46.9	45.9	47.5	17.7	18.1	17.8	18.3	81.0	82.9	81.5	83.4
Tennessee	344.2	347.8	352.2	356.6	126.3	130.0	126.5	130.5	451.5	451.9	452.6	454.4
Texas	1,440.2	1,477.4	1,467.5	1,497.6	461.0	483.8	464.4	488.6	2,042.6	2,112.7	2,049.2	2,121.1
Utah	169.1	170.6	170.7	172.0	44.6	45.6	45.2	45.6	262.0	274.8	262.4	275.1
Vermont	36.0	35.7	35.4	35.0	9.8	10.0	9.9	10.3	55.9	57.4	55.8	57.1
Virginia	389.6	395.4	396.0	405.7	195.4	198.8	196.4	199.6	735.1	752.8	737.5	756.1
Washington	325.6	340.2	332.0	342.4	120.8	123.6	122.1	122.6	580.4	602.0	582.6	606.2
West Virginia	69.7	69.7	70.4	69.7	23.4	23.8	23.6	24.0	152.7	156.7	153.4	157.5
Wisconsin	261.9	267.3	265.1	268.6	142.9	144.1	143.7	147.0	408.9	417.8	409.5	419.5
Wyoming	35.4	36.3	35.4	36.3	15.9	15.2	16.2	15.3	68.5	70.7	69.0	71.2
Puerto Rico	89.7	98.1	92.4	98.8	18.7	19.1	18.9	19.1	199.3	203.8	199.8	203.7
Virgin Islands	6.8	6.6	6.9	6.7	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	10.9	10.9	10.9	10.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.