From the Guide to 2010 State and Local Census Geography – Iowa – History:
The United States acquired the area of Iowa from France in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Iowa Territory was organized on June 12, 1838, from part of Wisconsin Territory; it included all of present-day Iowa, the eastern part of North Dakota and South Dakota, and the western part of Minnesota. Iowa was admitted to the Union on December 28, 1846, as the 29th state with generally the same boundary as the present state. The remaining part of the territory was unattached until the organization of Minnesota Territory in 1849. Nebraska and Iowa have made periodic adjustments to their boundary as the Missouri River has changed its course.
Census data for Iowa are available beginning with the 1840 census. The 1840 population includes the portion of Iowa Territory in present-day Minnesota west of the Mississippi River and a line drawn from its source northward to the Canadian boundary.
From QuickFacts: statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more.
From data.census.gov:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population).
Source: 2019 American Community Survey (ACS) 1-Year Estimates.
Source: Business Formation Statistics (BFS).
From Foreign Trade > U.S. International Trade Data:
Source: Monthly State Retail Sales (Select Iowa)
From the State Data Center (SDC) Program:
From Census Bureau History:
From the Statistics in Schools (SIS) program: