[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 22 (Monday, February 3, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 5932-5937]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-01945]
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Census Bureau
Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request
The Department of Commerce will submit to the Office of Management
and Budget (OMB) for clearance the following proposal for collection of
information under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act.
Agency: U.S. Census Bureau.
Title: 2020 Census--Program Updates.
The initial Federal Register Notice ``2020 Census'' (June 8, 2018,
Vol. 83, Number 111, pp. 26643-26653, FR Doc. No.: 2018-12365)
described the 2020 Census in full. Approval for the 2020 Census is
being sought from OMB in
[[Page 5933]]
phases. The first phase of approval was for the 2020 Census Address
Canvassing operation only, which was described in Federal Register
Notice ``2020 Census,'' October 2, 2018 (Vol. 83, No. 191, pp. 49535-
49539, FR Doc. No.: 2018-21386). Address Canvassing creates the address
list for the census and precedes census enumeration data collection.
The remaining enumeration operations scoped for the 2020 Census data
collection were described in Federal Register Notice ``2020 Census,''
February 13, 2019 (Vol. 84, No. 30, pp 3746-3757, FR Doc. No.: 2019-
02223), which had an additional 30-day comment period. The Evaluations
and Experiments Program was described in Federal Register Notice ``2020
Census--Evaluations and Experiments,'' September 9, 2019 (Vol. 84, No.
174, pp 47233-47239, FR Doc. No.: 2019-19312). This was an additional
revision to the approved OMB materials.
There has been an additional change to the 2020 Census program
since the prior Notice publication. In particular, the program change
is the addition of Mobile Questionnaire Assistance, a component of
internet Self-Response. This change will be described below. Other
program updates are also described in this Notice. In particular,
ongoing address frame activity is impacting the total number of housing
units, which impacts the estimate of response burden.
OMB Control Number: 0607-1006.
Form Number(s): No additional forms for this revision.
Type of Request: Revision of a currently approved collection.
Number of Respondents: 195,747,754 to 2020 Census.
Average Hours Per Response: 10 minutes for census enumeration.
Burden Hours: 29,381,849 for 2020 Census.
This burden is higher than shown in prior Notices for multiple
reasons. The list of living quarters has increased due to ongoing
address file development. The Self-Response Quality Assurance estimate
has been adjusted to use the upper-level estimate rather than the
lower-level. In addition, estimates of the number of addresses that
would be added to the Nonresponse Followup universe from late updating
operations that were shown in prior Notices were planning estimates of
the maximum number. At present the Census Bureau has actual counts of
addresses submitted in all late address frame updating operations. The
total of these addresses is less than the predicted maximum used in
prior estimates. At the same time 2020 Census universe file updating is
currently in progress. The counts shown in the table below reflect the
number of addresses received through all operations assuming no
duplication across sources. This results in an overestimate of this
total number. Thus the expected workload for Nonresponse Followup is
lower than that shown in previous Notices, and the final estimate could
become still lower as file processing completes.
2020 Census
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Estimated time
Operation or category Estimated number per response (in Total burden
of respondents minutes) hours
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Address Canvassing..................................... 15,786,734 5 1,315,561
Address Canvassing Listing Quality Control............. 1,578,673 5 131,556
--------------------------------------------------------
Address Canvassing Subtotal........................ 17,365,407 ................. 1,447,117
Geographic Areas Focused on Self-Response (this
includes Mailout and Update Leave):
Internet/Telephone/Paper........................... 90,060,785 10 15,010,131
Optimization of Self-Response Experiment........... 118,541 10 19,757
Extending the Decennial Census Environment to the 172,992 10 28,832
Mailing Materials.................................
Update Leave....................................... 6,805,523 5 567,127
Update Leave Quality Control....................... 680,552 5 56,713
Nonresponse Followup............................... 62,474,993 10 10,412,499
Nonresponse Followup Reinterview................... 3,123,750 5 260,313
Self-Response Quality Assurance.................... 750,000 10 125,000
Field Verification................................. 220,000 2 7,333
Field Verification Quality Control................. 11,000 2 367
Coverage Improvement............................... 3,200,000 7 373,333
Non-ID Processing Phone Followup................... 750,000 5 62,500
--------------------------------------------------------
Self-Response Areas Subtotal................... 168,368,136 ................. 26,923,905
Geographic Area Focused on Update Enumerate:
Update Enumerate Production........................ 35,000 12 7,000
Update Enumerate Listing Quality Control........... 3,500 5 292
Update Enumerate Reinterview....................... 1,750 10 292
--------------------------------------------------------
Update Enumerate Subtotal...................... 40,250 ................. 7,584
Group Quarters (GQ):
Domestic Violence Shelter address collection....... 57 20 19
GQ Advance Contact (facility)...................... 297,000 10 49,500
GQ Enumeration--eResponse (facility)............... 14,300 20 4,767
GQ Enumeration--person contact..................... 8,000,000 5 666,667
Service-Based Enumeration.......................... 800,000 5 66,667
Group Quarters Quality Control..................... 8,500 5 708
Domestic Violence Shelter Enumeration.............. 0\*\ ................. 0
Military Enumeration............................... 0\*\ ................. 0
Maritime and Military Vessel Enumeration........... 0\*\ ................. 0
--------------------------------------------------------
Group Quarters Subtotal........................ 9,119,857 ................. 788,328
Carnivals/Circuses address collection.................. 450 10 75
Hotels/Motels address collection....................... 55,000 10 9,167
[[Page 5934]]
Enumeration at Transitory Locations--Advance Contact... 50,000 10 8,333
Enumeration at Transitory Locations--Units............. 600,000 10 100,000
Federally Affiliated Count Overseas.................... 82 5 7
Island Areas Censuses--Housing Units................... 138,281 40 92,187
Island Areas Censuses--Group Quarters.................. 10,291 30 5,146
--------------------------------------------------------
Totals............................................. 195,747,754 ................. 29,381,849
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* This burden is included in GQ enumeration--person contact.
Needs and Uses: Article 1, Section 2 of the United States
Constitution mandates that the U.S. House of Representatives be
reapportioned every ten years by conducting an enumeration of all
residents. In addition to the reapportionment of the U.S. Congress,
Census data are used to draw legislative district boundaries within
states. Census data are also used by numerous agencies to determine
funding allocations for the distribution of an estimated $675 billion
of federal funds each year.
The taking of a decennial census is mandated by Article 1, Section
2 of the U.S. Constitution. Title 13, United States Code (U.S.C),
Section 141 directs the Secretary to take a decennial census of
population and housing, determining its form and content, and further
authorizes the collection of such other census information in relation
to the decennial census, as necessary. These authorities are delegated
to the Director of the Census Bureau under Department of Commerce
Organization Order 35-2A. The Census Bureau is required to conduct the
2020 Census to collect the person and housing data that will be used
for reapportionment, redistricting, and various statistical data
products, under Title 13, U.S. Code. Additionally, the Census Bureau is
authorized under Title 13 Section 193 to conduct surveys and collect
information before, during, and after the decennial census to assist in
the conduct of the decennial census.
Type of Enumeration Areas
Prior to the census, it is necessary to delineate all geographic
areas into Type of Enumeration Areas (TEAs), which describe what
methodology will be used for census material delivery and household
enumeration in order to use the most cost-effective enumeration
approach for achieving maximum accuracy and completeness. TEAs also
describe what methodology will be used for updating the address frame.
For the United States and Puerto Rico, TEAs are delineated at the block
level based on the address and spatial data in the Census Bureau's
Master Address File (MAF)/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding
and Referencing system (TIGER) database.
The TEAs designated for the 2020 Census are:
* TEA 1 = Self-Response.
* TEA 2 = Update Enumerate.
* TEA 3 = Island Areas.
* TEA 4 = Remote Alaska.
* TEA 6 = Update Leave.
The most common enumeration method by percentage of households is
self-response (TEA 1), where materials will be delivered to each
address through the mail and self-response will be supported and
promoted. Self-response can occur when households mail back a 2020
Census paper questionnaire, submit the data on the 2020 Census internet
questionnaire, or call the telephone number for Census Questionnaire
Assistance and submit the data during the phone call. After the initial
self-response phase, nonresponding households in TEA 1 will be
enumerated in the Nonresponse Followup (NRFU) operation. In Update
Enumerate (TEA 2), Census Bureau enumerators visit an address, update
the address list, and attempt household enumeration at the same time.
This TEA will be used for a very small portion of the addresses in the
country, such as those with access problems or minimal mail service.
The Island Areas (TEA 3) are not currently included in MAF/TIGER. With
no existing address list for these areas, the address list will be
created and enumeration will be attempted at the same time. Remote
Alaska (TEA 4) uses the Update Enumerate methodology but in remote
areas of Alaska. These areas have unique challenges associated with the
accessibility to communities where the population ranges from several
hundred people to just a few people. Communities are widely scattered
and rarely linked by roads. Most are accessible only by small-engine
airplane, snowmobile, four-wheel-drive vehicles, dogsled, or some
combination thereof. This operation occurs earlier than other
enumeration operations (starting in January) due to seasonal
availability of the population, who disperse when warmer weather
arrives. During Update Leave (TEA 6), Census Bureau staff visit an
address, update the address list, and leave a questionnaire package at
each individual housing unit. The household is expected to return the
questionnaire or submit their data online or by telephone. Puerto Rico
is designated as entirely Update Leave in order to create a current
address list at the time of the census, in response to changes that may
have occurred due to recent natural disasters. Nonresponding units in
Update Leave areas are included in the NRFU workload.
The final TEA delineation includes updated counts of housing units
resulting from Address Canvassing and other housing unit update
operations. These updated counts change the burden table from prior
publications and increase the total burden. A map of the areas
designated for the various TEAs is shown at the embedded link: TEA
Viewer
Mobile Questionnaire Assistance
The Census Bureau has recently added a Mobile Questionnaire
Assistance component to the internet Self-Response operation. This
component will create additional opportunities for the public to
respond to the 2020 Census in key locations that are experiencing low
response rates. The Mobile Response Initiative builds on and improves
the model for the 2010 Census Questionnaire Assistance Centers. With
the use of mobile technology, Mobile Questionnaire Assistance can be
deployed in areas experiencing low response rates across the country,
rather than in static locations. Respondents can receive assistance
from trained staff, and they can answer the 2020 Census using Census
Bureau iPads to access the internet Self-Response instrument.
[[Page 5935]]
Evaluations and Experiments
For the 2020 Census, the evaluations and experiments program has
been described either as a revision to the 2020 Census package, as part
of the Census Bureau's 2020 Census Post-Enumeration Survey Independent
Listing Operation (covered under OMB approval #0607-1009), or within
Generic Clearances for Census Bureau Field Tests and Evaluations
(covered under OMB approval #0607-0971 and #0607-0978). There are a few
updates to the 2020 Census evaluations and experiments program since
the publication of the prior Federal Register Notice. The full program
is described below.
For the 2020 Census, operational assessments, quality profiles,
evaluations, and experiments are all produced within the Evaluations
and Experiments operation. Operational Assessments are designed to
document final volumes, rates, and costs for individual operations or
processes using data from production files and activities and
information collected from debriefings and lessons learned. They do not
include analysis. Operational assessments report out on planned versus
actual variances as they relate to budget, schedule, and workloads
(production and training) and on meeting performance success criteria.
Depending on the operation, they may include frequency distributions
and standard demographic or address tables. Quality profiles are
designed to provide the results from the quality assurance program for
an operation. No additional data collection is required for the purpose
of creating the operational assessments or the quality profiles. They
are described here for the purpose of providing the complete scope of
the Evaluations and Experiments operation.
The evaluations and experiments performed during a census represent
the initial plans for updating and improving the subsequent census.
While testing continues throughout the decade, certain aspects can only
be tested within a decennial census environment, as public awareness of
the census and of the responsibility to respond is often a key factor
of the test. Evaluations are designed to analyze, interpret, and
synthesize the effectiveness and efficiencies of census components and
their impact on data quality and coverage using data collected from
census operations, processes, systems, and auxiliary data collections.
Experiments provide quantitative or qualitative results for tests that
occur during a decennial census. Since they occur in an environment of
optimal census awareness, results simulate more closely to what
experimental treatments would yield in a full production application.
Experiments inform planning of future decennial censuses, so 2020
Census experiments will focus on planning toward a 2030 Census.
The table below shows the full set of planned evaluation efforts.
Two assessments, seven evaluations, and six synthesis reports have
recently been added to the planned list. The new assessments are Count
Review Operational Assessment, and internet Self-Response: Mobile
Questionnaire Assistance Assessment. In addition some of the Post-
Enumeration Survey assessments have been split into multiple
assessments but will cover the same material. The new evaluations are:
Evaluating the 2020 Census Communication Campaign: Census Mindset
Measures Before and After the Campaign, 2020 Census Quantitative
Testing, 2020 Census Tracking Survey, Investigating Digital Advertising
and Online Self-Response, Matching 2019 Census Barrier, Attitudes, and
Behaviors Study Survey Sample to 2020 Census, Comparing 2019 Census
Test and 2020 Census Self-Respons Rates to Estimate ``Decennial
Environment,''and Evaluating the Effect of the Decennial Census on
Self-Response to the American Community Survey. In addition, six
synthesis reports have been added. A synthesis report integrates
component reports on a particular topic. The topics of the synthesis
reports are: The Integrated Partnership and Communications Program,
Undercount of Young Children, Response Rates and Behavior Analysis,
Interviewer Data Collection, Address List Development, Administrative
Records. These are described briefly in the table below and in more
detail in the study plans that are included with this package of
materials.
For the purposes of fully defining the Evaluations and Experiments
operation, specific assessments, evaluations, and experiments planned
for the 2020 Census are documented in the table below. Some evaluations
and experiments shown in italics are described within other OMB
approval packages, as noted in the footnotes to the table.
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2020 Census Operational Assessments:
Archiving Operational Assessment
Census Questionnaire Assistance Operational Assessment
Content and Forms Design Operational Assessment
Count Question Resolution Operational Assessment
Count Review Operational Assessment
Coverage Improvement Operational Assessment
Decennial Logistics Management--Logistics Management Support
Operational Assessment
Decennial Logistics Management--Space Acquisition and Lease
Management Operational Assessment
Decennial Service Center Operational Assessment
Demographic Analysis Operational Assessment
Enumeration at Transitory Locations Advance Contact Operational
Assessment
Enumeration at Transitory Locations Operational Assessment
Evaluations and Experiments Operational Assessment
Federally Affiliated Count Overseas Operational Assessment
Field Infrastructure--Field Office Administration and Payroll
Operational Assessment
Field Infrastructure--Recruiting, Onboarding, and Training
Operational Assessment
Forms Printing and Distribution Operational Assessment
Geographic Partnership Programs Operational Assessment
Group Quarters Advance Contact Assessment Report
Group Quarters Enumeration and Military Enumerations Assessment
In-Field Address Canvassing Operational Assessment
In-Office Address Canvassing Operational Assessment
Integrated Partnership and Communications Contract Assessment
Integrated Partnership and Communications Operational Assessment
Research to Support the Integrated Partnership and Communications
Program
Internet Self-Response Operational Assessment
[[Page 5936]]
Internet Self-Response: Mobile Questionnaire Assistance Assessment
Island Areas Censuses Operational Assessment
Item Nonresponse Rates Assessment Study
Language Services Operational Assessment
Local Update of Census Addresses Operational Assessment
Maritime Vessel Enumeration Report
New Construction Operational Assessment
Non-ID Operational Assessment
Nonresponse Followup Operational Assessment
Paper Data Capture Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Sampling and Estimation Operational
Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Field Operations Independent Listing
Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Field Operations Initial Housing Unit
Followup Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Field Operations Person Interview
Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Field Operations Person Followup Operational
Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Field Operations Final Housing Unit Followup
Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Matching Initial Housing Unit Matching
Operational Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Matching Person Matching Operational
Assessment
Post-Enumeration Survey Matching Final Housing Unit Matching
Operational Assessment
Redistricting Data Program Operational Assessment
Response Processing Operational Assessment
Response Rates Assessment Study
Self-Response Quality Assurance Operational Assessment
Service-Based Enumeration Assessment Report
Systems and Applications in the 2020 Census (Security, Privacy, and
Confidentiality)
Update Enumerate Operational Assessment
Update Leave Operational Assessment
2020 Census Quality Control (QC):
Quality Control Study Plan for Listing Operations
Quality Control Study Plan for Enumeration Operations
Address Canvassing QC Results
Update Leave QC Results
Nonresponse Followup QC Results
Person Interview QC Results
Independent Listing QC Results
------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2020 Census evaluations and experiments Additional data collected
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Evaluations
Reengineered Address Canvassing............ Salted and suppressed
Estimate certain types of errors addresses within Address
that can occur during In-Field Address Canvassing: same burden
Canvassing. Investigate effectiveness of estimate because listers
In-Office Address Canvassing and should delete incorrect
Interactive Review. Compare costs of addresses (which does not
reengineered Address Canvassing to 100 involve contact) and add
percent In-Field Address Canvassing.. missing addresses (which
Evaluate In-Field Address is the same burden as for
Canvassing listers by including false valid addresses).
addresses (salting) and suppressing a
sample of valid addresses..
Evaluate In-Office and In-Field
Address Canvassing using Post-Enumeration
Survey listing results.\1\.
Administrative Record Dual-System None.
Estimation.
Determine whether dual system estimates
could be generated without conducting an
independent post-enumeration survey, using
Administrative Records..
Evaluating Privacy and Confidentiality NA.
Concerns \2\.
Capture respondents' concerns about privacy
and confidentiality during the census,
particularly with respect to the internet
response option and administrative records
use in a census environment..
The Undercount of Young Children: A NA.
Qualitative Evaluation of Census Materials
and Operations 2, 3.
Conduct focus groups and cognitive
interviews to identify where existing
roster questions and procedures are
failing and how to improve them..
Research on Hard to Count Populations: Non- NA.
English Speakers and Complex Household
Residents, including Undercount of
Children Research \2\.
Assess NRFU interviews in areas associated
with potential undercoverage and non-
English speaking households. In addition,
administer a specialized enumerator
training module to a sample of Spanish-
speaking bilingual enumerators to evaluate
its impact..
Analysis of Census Internet Self-Response None.
Paradata by Language.
Examine 2020 Census web paradata and assess
by language..
Group Quarters Advance Contact: Refining NA.
Classification of College or University
Student Housing \2\.
Explore whether refined classification used
in the 2020 Census results in more
accurately identifying privately owned
college housing..
Evaluating the 2020 Census Communications Opinion data; multiple
Campaign: Census Mindset Measures Before waves of collection.
and After the Campaign \4\.
Gauge whether the portion of the population
with mindsets less inclined to participate
in the census shrank over the course of
the campaign while the portion of the
population with mindsets more inclined to
participate grew larger..
2020 Census Quantitative Copy Testing \4\.. Awareness and comprehension
Test whether 2020 Census television and data across multiple
radio advertisements perform better than treatments.
control ads that do not mention the 2020
Census on factors including message
recall, message comprehension, ad
likability and enjoyability, behavioral
intention to respond to the census, and
the Census Bureau's corporate image..
[[Page 5937]]
2020 Census Tracking Survey \4\............ Opinion data; monthly then
Track US public sentiment concerning daily collections.
matters that may bear upon 2020 Census
participation to examine how attitudes and
perceptions change during the census
measurement period (mid-March through May
2020).
Investigating Digital Advertising and None.
Online Self-Response.
Investigate the relationship between
digital advertising materials and online
self-response by analyzing ISR paradata..
Matching 2018 Census Barriers, Attitudes, None.
and Behaviors Study Survey Sample to 2020
Census.
Match the 2018 Census Barriers, Attitudes,
and Motivators Study (CBAMS) survey sample
addresses to 2020 Census addresses to
evaluate (1) how well survey respondents'
intended response behaviors align with
actual response behaviors, (2) the
characteristics of non-responding CBAMS
households..
Comparing 2019 Census Test and 2020 Census None.
Self-Response Rates to Estimate
``Decennial Environment''.
Matching 2019 Census Test data to 2020
Census data to compare self-response
behavior with and without the decennial
environment..
Evaluating the Effect of the Decennial None.
Census on Self-Response to the American
Community Survey.
Assess of the impact of the decennial
census communications campaign on
garnering self-response from members of
the public for the American Community
Survey. Analyze the self-response trends
for the American Community Survey to
assess the extent to which the changes in
the data collection environment during the
decennial census affect other self-
response data collection efforts
undertaken by the Census Bureau..
Experiments
Extending the Census Environment to the None.
Mailing Materials.
Test effect on self-response rates of
wearable, nonmonetary mailing inserts that
promote the 2020 Census as well as mailing
materials that incorporate elements and
images developed by the 2020 Census
communications campaign. In addition, test
the use of an every door direct mail piece
and comparing two different every door
direct mail pieces for the effect on self-
response rates..
Optimization of Self-Response in the 2020 None.
Census Experiment.
Evaluate impacts of the mailing strategy
and the influence of the internet response
option by (1) mailing a sample of housing
units a modified version of 2010 Census
materials with no promotion of the
internet response option on a schedule
that resembles what occurred during the
2010 Census, (2) mailing another sample of
housing units a modified version of the
2020 Census materials with no promotion of
the internet response option, (3)
switching the planned mail contact
strategy between internet choice and
internet first for another sample of
housing units. In addition, test the
effectiveness of communications and
partnership activities by not mailing and
2020 Census materials to a sample of
households..
Real-Time 2020 Census Administrative Record None.
Census Simulation.
Compare person-level, housing unit-level,
and hybrid approaches to conducting an
administrative record census..
Synthesis Reports
Integrated Partnership and Communications None.
Evaluation Synthesis Report.
Undercount of Young Children............... None.
Response Rates and Behavior Analysis....... None.
Interviewer Data Collection................ None.
Address List Development................... None.
Administrative Records..................... None.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. 2020 Census Post-Enumeration Survey Independent Listing Operation
(OMB approval #0607-1009).
2. Generic Clearance for Census Bureau Field Tests and Evaluations (OMB
approval #0607-0971).
3. Generic Clearance for Questionnaire Pretesting Research (OMB approval
#0607-0725).
4. Generic Clearance for Testing (OMB approval #0607-0978).
Affected Public: Individuals or Households.
Frequency: Once every 10 years.
Respondent's Obligation: Mandatory.
Legal Authority: Title 13, United States Code, Section 141 and 193.
This information collection request may be viewed at
www.reginfo.gov. Follow the instructions to view Department of Commerce
collections currently under review by OMB.
Written comments and recommendations for the proposed information
collection, identified by Docket number OMB-2018-0004, may be submitted
to the Federal e-Rulemaking portal: https://www.regulations.gov within
30 days of publication of this notice. All comments received are part
of the public record and will be posted to http://www.regulations.gov
for public viewing. Comments will generally be posted without change.
All Personally Identifiable Information (for example, name and address)
voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly accessible. Do
not submit Confidential Business Information or otherwise sensitive or
protected information. You may submit attachments to electronic
comments in Microsoft Word, Excel, WordPerfect, or Adobe PDF file
formats only.
Sheleen Dumas,
Department PRA Clearance Officer, Office of the Chief Information
Officer, Commerce Department.
[FR Doc. 2020-01945 Filed 1-31-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-07-P