Recalibrated Monetary Policy Instruments to Address the Economic Fallout from COVID-19

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the severe recession it has produced, the ECB Governing Council has adopted, since March 2020, an extraordinary set of monetary policy measures aimed at preserving favourable financing conditions and safeguarding price stability in the face of high uncertainty. The monetary policy instruments were recalibrated in the course of 2020, lastly in December 2020. Four papers were prepared by the ECON Committee’s Monetary Expert Panel, discussing the effectiveness and side effects of the monetary policy instruments employed as well as interactions between them. This publication is prepared by Policy Department A for the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON), ahead of the Monetary Dialogue with ECB President Lagarde on 18 March 2021.